goto_convert_class.h

Go to the documentation of this file.

/*******************************************************************\
 
Module: Program Transformation
 
Author: Daniel Kroening, kroening@kroening.com
 
\*******************************************************************/
 
 
#ifndef CPROVER_GOTO_PROGRAMS_GOTO_CONVERT_CLASS_H
#define CPROVER_GOTO_PROGRAMS_GOTO_CONVERT_CLASS_H
 
#include <util/message.h>
#include <util/namespace.h>
#include <util/replace_expr.h>
#include <util/std_code.h>
 
#include <goto-programs/goto_program.h>
 
#include <ansi-c/allocate_objects.h>
 
#include "scope_tree.h"
 
#include <list>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <vector>
 
class side_effect_expr_overflowt;
struct build_declaration_hops_inputst;
 
class goto_convertt : public messaget
{
public:
  void
  goto_convert(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest, const irep_idt &mode);
 
  goto_convertt(
    symbol_table_baset &_symbol_table,
    message_handlert &_message_handler)
    : messaget(_message_handler),
      symbol_table(_symbol_table),
      ns(_symbol_table),
      tmp_symbol_prefix("goto_convertt")
  {
  }
 
  virtual ~goto_convertt()
  {
  }
 
  void set_prefix(const std::string &prefix)
  {
    tmp_symbol_prefix = prefix;
  }
 
protected:
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table;
  namespacet ns;
  std::string tmp_symbol_prefix;
  lifetimet lifetime = lifetimet::STATIC_GLOBAL;
 
  struct clean_expr_resultt
  {
    std::list<irep_idt> temporaries;
    goto_programt side_effects;
 
    clean_expr_resultt() = default;
 
    void add(clean_expr_resultt &&other)
    {
      temporaries.splice(temporaries.begin(), other.temporaries);
      side_effects.destructive_append(other.side_effects);
    }
 
    void add_temporary(const irep_idt &id)
    {
      temporaries.push_front(id);
    }
  };
 
  void goto_convert_rec(
    const codet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  //
  // tools for symbols
  //
  [[nodiscard]] symbolt &new_tmp_symbol(
    const typet &type,
    const std::string &suffix,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const source_locationt &,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  symbol_exprt make_compound_literal(
    const exprt &expr,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  //
  // translation of C expressions (with side effects)
  // into the program logic
  //
 
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt
  clean_expr(exprt &expr, const irep_idt &mode, bool result_is_used = true);
 
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt
  clean_expr_address_of(exprt &expr, const irep_idt &mode);
 
  static bool needs_cleaning(const exprt &expr);
 
  // Do we need to introduce a temporary for the value of an assignment
  // to the given lhs? E.g., a[i] needs a temporary as its value may change
  // when i is changed; likewise, *p needs a temporary as its value may change
  // when p is changed.
  static bool assignment_lhs_needs_temporary(const exprt &lhs)
  {
    return lhs.id() != ID_symbol;
  }
 
  [[nodiscard]] irep_idt make_temp_symbol(
    exprt &expr,
    const std::string &suffix,
    goto_programt &,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  void rewrite_boolean(exprt &dest);
 
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt clean_function_call_operands(
    exprt &function,
    exprt::operandst &arguments,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_side_effect(
    side_effect_exprt &expr,
    const irep_idt &mode,
    bool result_is_used,
    bool address_taken);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_assignment(
    side_effect_exprt &expr,
    bool result_is_used,
    bool address_taken,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_pre(
    side_effect_exprt &expr,
    bool result_is_used,
    bool address_taken,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_post(
    side_effect_exprt &expr,
    const irep_idt &mode,
    bool result_is_used);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_function_call(
    side_effect_expr_function_callt &expr,
    const irep_idt &mode,
    bool result_is_used);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt
  remove_cpp_new(side_effect_exprt &expr, bool result_is_used);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_cpp_delete(side_effect_exprt &expr);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_malloc(
    side_effect_exprt &expr,
    const irep_idt &mode,
    bool result_is_used);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt
  remove_temporary_object(side_effect_exprt &expr);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_statement_expression(
    side_effect_exprt &expr,
    const irep_idt &mode,
    bool result_is_used);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt
  remove_gcc_conditional_expression(exprt &expr, const irep_idt &mode);
  [[nodiscard]] clean_expr_resultt remove_overflow(
    side_effect_expr_overflowt &expr,
    bool result_is_used,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  virtual void do_cpp_new(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const side_effect_exprt &rhs,
    goto_programt &dest);
 
  void do_java_new(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const side_effect_exprt &rhs,
    goto_programt &dest);
 
  void do_java_new_array(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const side_effect_exprt &rhs,
    goto_programt &dest);
 
  static void replace_new_object(const exprt &object, exprt &dest);
 
  void cpp_new_initializer(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const side_effect_exprt &rhs,
    goto_programt &dest);
 
  //
  // function calls
  //
 
  virtual void do_function_call(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  virtual void do_function_call_if(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const if_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  virtual void do_function_call_symbol(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  virtual void do_function_call_symbol(const symbolt &)
  {
  }
 
  virtual void do_function_call_other(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
 
  //
  // conversion
  //
  void convert_block(
    const code_blockt &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_frontend_decl(
    const code_frontend_declt &,
    goto_programt &,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_decl_type(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_expression(
    const code_expressiont &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_assign(
    const code_assignt &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_cpp_delete(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_loop_contracts(const codet &code, goto_programt::targett loop);
  void
  convert_for(const code_fort &code, goto_programt &dest, const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_while(
    const code_whilet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_dowhile(
    const code_dowhilet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_assume(
    const code_assumet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_assert(
    const code_assertt &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_switch(
    const code_switcht &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_break(
    const code_breakt &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_return(
    const code_frontend_returnt &,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_continue(
    const code_continuet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_ifthenelse(
    const code_ifthenelset &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_goto(const code_gotot &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_gcc_computed_goto(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_skip(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_label(
    const code_labelt &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_gcc_local_label(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_switch_case(
    const code_switch_caset &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_gcc_switch_case_range(
    const code_gcc_switch_case_ranget &,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_function_call(
    const code_function_callt &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_start_thread(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_end_thread(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_atomic_begin(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_atomic_end(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest);
  void convert_msc_try_finally(
    const codet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_msc_try_except(
    const codet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_msc_leave(
    const codet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_try_catch(
    const codet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_CPROVER_try_catch(
    const codet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_CPROVER_try_finally(
    const codet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_CPROVER_throw(
    const codet &code,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void convert_asm(const code_asmt &code, goto_programt &dest);
 
  void convert(const codet &code, goto_programt &dest, const irep_idt &mode);
 
  void copy(
    const codet &code,
    goto_program_instruction_typet type,
    goto_programt &dest);
 
  //
  // exceptions
  //
 
  symbol_exprt exception_flag(const irep_idt &mode);
 
  void unwind_destructor_stack(
    const source_locationt &source_location,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode,
    std::optional<node_indext> destructor_end_point = {},
    std::optional<node_indext> destructor_start_point = {});
 
  typedef std::list<
    std::pair<goto_programt::targett, goto_programt::instructiont>>
    declaration_hop_instrumentationt;
  [[nodiscard]] declaration_hop_instrumentationt build_declaration_hops(
    goto_programt &dest,
    std::unordered_map<irep_idt, symbolt, irep_id_hash> &label_flags,
    const build_declaration_hops_inputst &inputs);
 
  //
  // gotos
  //
 
  void finish_gotos(goto_programt &dest, const irep_idt &mode);
  void finish_computed_gotos(goto_programt &dest);
  void optimize_guarded_gotos(goto_programt &dest);
 
  typedef std::map<irep_idt, std::pair<goto_programt::targett, node_indext>>
    labelst;
  typedef std::list<std::pair<goto_programt::targett, node_indext>> gotost;
  typedef std::list<goto_programt::targett> computed_gotost;
  typedef exprt::operandst caset;
  typedef std::list<std::pair<goto_programt::targett, caset>> casest;
  typedef std::map<
    goto_programt::targett,
    casest::iterator,
    goto_programt::target_less_than>
    cases_mapt;
 
  struct targetst
  {
    goto_programt *prefix = nullptr;
    goto_programt *suffix = nullptr;
 
    bool return_set, has_return_value, break_set, continue_set, default_set,
      throw_set, leave_set;
 
    labelst labels;
    gotost gotos;
    computed_gotost computed_gotos;
    scope_treet scope_stack;
 
    casest cases;
    cases_mapt cases_map;
 
    goto_programt::targett return_target, break_target, continue_target,
      default_target, throw_target, leave_target;
 
    node_indext break_stack_node, continue_stack_node, throw_stack_node,
      leave_stack_node;
 
    targetst()
      : return_set(false),
        has_return_value(false),
        break_set(false),
        continue_set(false),
        default_set(false),
        throw_set(false),
        leave_set(false),
        break_stack_node(),
        continue_stack_node(),
        throw_stack_node(),
        leave_stack_node()
    {
    }
 
    void set_break(goto_programt::targett _break_target)
    {
      break_set = true;
      break_target = _break_target;
      break_stack_node = scope_stack.get_current_node();
    }
 
    void set_continue(goto_programt::targett _continue_target)
    {
      continue_set = true;
      continue_target = _continue_target;
      continue_stack_node = scope_stack.get_current_node();
    }
 
    void set_default(goto_programt::targett _default_target)
    {
      default_set = true;
      default_target = _default_target;
    }
 
    void set_return(goto_programt::targett _return_target)
    {
      return_set = true;
      return_target = _return_target;
    }
 
    void set_throw(goto_programt::targett _throw_target)
    {
      throw_set = true;
      throw_target = _throw_target;
      throw_stack_node = scope_stack.get_current_node();
    }
 
    void set_leave(goto_programt::targett _leave_target)
    {
      leave_set = true;
      leave_target = _leave_target;
      leave_stack_node = scope_stack.get_current_node();
    }
  } targets;
 
  struct break_continue_targetst
  {
    // for 'while', 'for', 'dowhile'
 
    explicit break_continue_targetst(const targetst &targets)
    {
      break_set = targets.break_set;
      continue_set = targets.continue_set;
      break_target = targets.break_target;
      continue_target = targets.continue_target;
    }
 
    void restore(targetst &targets)
    {
      targets.break_set = break_set;
      targets.continue_set = continue_set;
      targets.break_target = break_target;
      targets.continue_target = continue_target;
    }
 
    goto_programt::targett break_target;
    goto_programt::targett continue_target;
    bool break_set, continue_set;
  };
 
  struct break_switch_targetst
  {
    // for 'switch'
 
    explicit break_switch_targetst(const targetst &targets)
    {
      break_set = targets.break_set;
      default_set = targets.default_set;
      break_target = targets.break_target;
      default_target = targets.default_target;
      break_stack_node = targets.scope_stack.get_current_node();
      cases = targets.cases;
      cases_map = targets.cases_map;
    }
 
    void restore(targetst &targets)
    {
      targets.break_set = break_set;
      targets.default_set = default_set;
      targets.break_target = break_target;
      targets.default_target = default_target;
      targets.cases = cases;
      targets.cases_map = cases_map;
    }
 
    goto_programt::targett break_target;
    goto_programt::targett default_target;
    bool break_set, default_set;
    node_indext break_stack_node;
 
    casest cases;
    cases_mapt cases_map;
  };
 
  struct throw_targett
  {
    // for 'try...catch' and the like
 
    explicit throw_targett(const targetst &targets)
    {
      throw_set = targets.throw_set;
      throw_target = targets.throw_target;
      throw_stack_node = targets.scope_stack.get_current_node();
    }
 
    void restore(targetst &targets)
    {
      targets.throw_set = throw_set;
      targets.throw_target = throw_target;
    }
 
    goto_programt::targett throw_target;
    bool throw_set;
    node_indext throw_stack_node;
  };
 
  struct leave_targett
  {
    // for 'try...leave...finally'
 
    explicit leave_targett(const targetst &targets)
    {
      leave_set = targets.leave_set;
      leave_target = targets.leave_target;
      leave_stack_node = targets.scope_stack.get_current_node();
    }
 
    void restore(targetst &targets)
    {
      targets.leave_set = leave_set;
      targets.leave_target = leave_target;
    }
 
    goto_programt::targett leave_target;
    bool leave_set;
    node_indext leave_stack_node;
  };
 
  exprt case_guard(const exprt &value, const caset &case_op);
 
  // if(cond) { true_case } else { false_case }
  void generate_ifthenelse(
    const exprt &cond,
    const source_locationt &,
    goto_programt &true_case,
    const source_locationt &,
    goto_programt &false_case,
    const source_locationt &,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  // if(guard) goto target_true; else goto target_false;
  void generate_conditional_branch(
    const exprt &guard,
    goto_programt::targett target_true,
    goto_programt::targett target_false,
    const source_locationt &,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  // if(guard) goto target;
  void generate_conditional_branch(
    const exprt &guard,
    goto_programt::targett target_true,
    const source_locationt &,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  // turn a OP b OP c into a list a, b, c
  static void collect_operands(
    const exprt &expr,
    const irep_idt &id,
    std::list<exprt> &dest);
 
  // START_THREAD; ... END_THREAD;
  void generate_thread_block(
    const code_blockt &thread_body,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  //
  // misc
  //
  irep_idt get_string_constant(const exprt &expr);
  bool get_string_constant(const exprt &expr, irep_idt &);
  exprt get_constant(const exprt &expr);
 
  // some built-in functions
  void do_atomic_begin(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_atomic_end(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_create_thread(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_array_equal(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &rhs,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_array_op(
    const irep_idt &id,
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_printf(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_scanf(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_input(
    const exprt &rhs,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_output(
    const exprt &rhs,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_prob_coin(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_prob_uniform(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest);
  void do_havoc_slice(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
  void do_alloca(
    const exprt &lhs,
    const symbol_exprt &function,
    const exprt::operandst &arguments,
    goto_programt &dest,
    const irep_idt &mode);
 
  exprt get_array_argument(const exprt &src);
};
 
#endif // CPROVER_GOTO_PROGRAMS_GOTO_CONVERT_CLASS_H